Studi Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora L.) di Nagari Simawang, Kabupaten Tanah Datar

Abstract

The cultivation of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) that is not aligned with the land’s quality and capability leads to inefficient land utilization and low coffee productivity. This study aims to evaluate land suitability classes for Robusta coffee and to develop maps of actual and potential land suitability in Nagari Simawang, Tanah Datar Regency. The research employs a survey method using purposive sampling on a land unit map at a 1:50,000 scale, with land suitability classes determined through the matching method by comparing land characteristics with the growth requirements of Robusta coffee. The analyzed land characteristics include climate, soil physical and chemical properties, and field conditions. The results indicate that the actual land suitability classes are SL 1 (S2nr,eh), SL 2 (Neh), SL 3 (S3nr), and SL 4 (Neh), with limiting factors being nutrient retention (nr) and erosion hazard (eh). After applying improvements according to the identified limiting factors, the potential land suitability classes become SL 1 (S1), SL 2 (Neh), SL 3 (S2nr), and SL 4 (Neh). Consequently, SL 2 and SL 4 are deemed unsuitable and not recommended for Robusta coffee cultivation, while SL 1 and SL 3 are considered suitable with necessary management of existing limiting factors.